Monday, May 2, 2016

Solar System Exploration History version 1.4

The interactive Solar System Exploration History timeline is now at version 1.4.0, with data updates and visual improvements, like twitter links displayed as '@Name' instead of the birdie, so multiple links don't all look the same. All object dimensions previously given as radii are now displayed as diameters. A new addition is the SpaceX Red Dragon Mars lander.

Finally, I got around to include the moons for non-planet objects in the lists for each category. This is relevant for the Asteroid belt and especially for the Trans-Neptunian objects, where every large object and many others are now known to have moons. Below is the map of TNO categories and data for the most significant objects. Those are either the largest ones or possible mission targets.

Name
Orbit (a×e×i)
Period
Diameter
(90482) Orcus
39.173 AU × 0.22718 × 20.573°
245.18 yr
800 km
Mass: 6.41×1020 kg
Grav.: .0.25 g
Temp.: ~44 K
Dens.: 2.3 g/cm3
Rot. Period: 13.188 h
Albedo: 0.27
Discovery: M.E. Brown et al., 2004
Group: Plutinos
I Vanth
9,030 km × 0.007 × 21°
9.5406 d
360 km:
Mass: 3×1019 kg
Grav.: .0.1 g
Dens.: 1.5 g/cm3
Rot. Period: Sync.
Albedo: 0.12
Discovery: M.E. Brown et al., 2005
(134340) Pluto
39.482 AU × 0.2488 × 17.140°
247.921 yr
2,374 km/0
Mass: 1.309×1022 kg
Grav.: .0.067 g
Temp.: 33..44..55 K
Dens.: 1.86 g/cm3
Rot. Period: -6.387 d
Albedo: 0.49..0.66
Discovery: C. Tombaugh, 1930
Group: Plutinos
Composition: N2 + Ice + Rock; Core: 77%
I Charon
19,596 km × 0.00005 × 0.0°
6.387 d
1,020 km
Mass: 1.525×1021 kg
Grav.: .0.031 g
Temp.: ~53 K
Dens.: 1.70 g/cm3
Rot. Period: Sync.
Albedo: 0.36..0.39
Discovery: J.W. Christy, 1978
Composition: Ice + Rock
V Styx
42,413 km × 0.0006 × 0.809°
20.162 d
16 × 9 × 8 km
Rot. Period: 3.239 d
Albedo: 0.65
Discovery: M.R. Showalter et al., 2012
II Nix
48,690 km × 0.0000 × 0.133°
24.855 d
50 × 35 × 33 km
Mass: 5.866×1017 kg
Grav.: .0.008 g
Rot. Period: 1.829 d
Albedo: 0.56
Discovery: H.A. Weaver et al., 2005
IV Kerberos
57,750 m × 0.003 × 0.389°
32.168 d
19 × 10 × 9 km
Rot. Period: 5.31 d
Albedo: 0.56
Discovery: M.R. Showalter et al., 2011
III Hydra
64,721 km × 0.00586 × 0.242°
38.202 d
65 × 45 × 25 km
Mass: 4.2×1017 kg
Grav.: .0.007 g
Rot. Period: 0.4295 d
Albedo: 0.83
Discovery: H.A. Weaver et al., 2005
(28978) Ixion
39.680 AU × 0.242 × 19.584°
249.95 yr
700 km
Temp.: ~44 K
Albedo: 0.12
Discovery: Deep Ecliptic Survey, 2001
Group: Plutinos
(307261) 2002 MS4
41.931 AU × 0.1413 × 17.693°
271.53 yr
934 km
Temp.: ~43 K
Albedo: 0.051
Discovery: C. Trujillo et al., 2002
Group: Cubewanos
(120347) Salacia
41.962 AU × 0.1063 × 23.9440°
274.03 yr
854 km
Mass: 4.5×1020 kg
Temp.: ~43 K
Dens.: 1.16 g/cm3
Rot. Period: 6.09 h
Albedo: 0.035
Discovery: H.G. Roe et al., 2004
Group: Cubewanos
I Actaea
5,619 km × 0.0084
5.4938 d
303 km:
Mass: 1.86×1019 kg
Dens.: 1.16 g/cm3
Albedo: 0.035
Discovery: K.S. Noll et al., 2006
(20000) Varuna
42.904 AU × 0.056 × 17.2°
281.03 yr
900 km
Mass: 3.7×1020 kg
Grav.: .0.14 g
Temp.: ~42 K
Dens.: 0.992 g/cm3
Rot. Period: 6.3436 h
Albedo: 0.07
Discovery: H.G. Roe et al., 2004
Group: Cubewanos
(136108) Haumea
43.132 AU × 0.1950 × 28.22°
283.28 yr
1960 × 1518 × 996 km
Mass: 4.006×1021 kg
Grav.: .0.045 g
Temp.: 32 K
Dens.: 2.6..3.3 g/cm3
Rot. Period: 3.916 h
Albedo: 0.7
Discovery: M.E. Brown et al., 2004
Group: Cubewanos
Composition: H2O (S)
I Hi'iaka
49,880 km × 0.0513 × 126°
49.462 d
620 km:
Mass: 2.003×1019 kg
Temp.: ~32 K
Dens.: 1: g/cm3
Discovery: M.E. Brown et al., 2005
II Namaka
25,657 km × 0.249 × 113.0°
18.278 d
340 km:
Mass: 2.003×1018 kg
Temp.: ~32 K
Dens.: 1: g/cm3
Discovery: M.E. Brown et al., 2005
(50000) Quaoar
43.405 AU × 0.0394 × 7.996°
285.97 yr
1,100 km
Mass: 1.4×1021 kg
Grav.: .0.26 g
Temp.: ~43 K
Dens.: 2.5 g/cm3
Rot. Period: 17.679 h
Albedo: 0.199
Discovery: C. Trujillo et al., 2002
Group: Cubewanos
I Weywot
14,500 km × 0.14 × 14°
12.438 d
80 km:
Discovery: M.E. Brown et al., 2007
2014 PN70
44.06 AU × 0.0514 × 4.12°
292.44 yr
40 km
Albedo: ~0.04
Discovery: HST, 2014
2014 MU69
44.16 AU × 0.0448 × 2.45°
293.4 yr
44 km
Albedo: ~0.04
Discovery: HST, 2014
(136472) Makemake
45.791 AU × 0.159 × 28.96°
309.88 yr
1502 × 1430 km
Mass: 3×1021 kg
Grav.: .0.038 g
Temp.: 32..44 K
Dens.: 1.7 g/cm3
Rot. Period: 7.771 h
Albedo: 0.77
Discovery: M.E. Brown et al., 2005
Group: Cubewanos
Composition: CH4 + C2H6 (S)
I MK2
-
-
160 km:
Albedo: ~0.04
Discovery: A.H. Parker et al., 2015
(55565) 2002 AW197
47.507 AU × 0.130 × 24.333°
327.45 yr
740 km
Temp.: ~40 K
Rot. Period: 8.86 h
Albedo: 0.17
Discovery: M.E. Brown et al., 2002
Group: Cubewanos
2013 FY27
59.1 AU × 0.396 × 33.13°
455 yr
1,000 km
Albedo: ~0.1
Discovery: S. Sheppard et al., 2013
Group: Scattered Disk
(225088) 2007 OR10
67.21 AU × 0.500 × 30.70°
550.98 yr
1,200 km
Temp.: ~42 K
Albedo: 0.18
Discovery: M.E. Schwamb al., 2007
Group: Scattered Disk
(136199) Eris
68.01 AU × 0.4358 × 43.844°
560.9 yr
2,326 km
Mass: 1.67×1022 kg
Grav.: .0.0844 g
Temp.: 30..42.5..55 K
Dens.: 2.52 g/cm3
Rot. Period: 25.9 h
Albedo: 0.96
Discovery: M.E. Brown et al., 2005
Group: Scattered Disk
Composition: CH4 (S)
I Dysnomia
37,350 km × 0.013 × 142°
15.774 d
200 km:
Discovery: M.E. Brown et al., 2005
2012 VP113
263 AU × 0.696 × 24.024°
4268 yr
~500 km
Albedo: ~0.15
Discovery: S. Sheppard et al., 2012
Group: Detached Objects
(90377) Sedna
518.57 AU × 0.8527 × 11.927°
11400 yr
1,000 km
Mass: 1×1021 kg
Grav.: .0.26 g
Temp.: ~12 K
Dens.: 2.0 g/cm3
Rot. Period: 10 h
Albedo: 0.32
Discovery: M.E. Brown et al., 2003
Group: Detached Objects

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